{"id":1012,"date":"2021-07-23T18:45:54","date_gmt":"2021-07-23T10:45:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/xg1990.com\/blog\/?p=1012"},"modified":"2021-07-23T18:46:28","modified_gmt":"2021-07-23T10:46:28","slug":"%e7%bf%bb%e8%af%91%e5%a4%a7%e5%9e%8b%e4%bc%81%e4%b8%9a%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e5%88%86%e5%b8%83%e5%bc%8f%e6%9c%ba%e5%99%a8%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xg1990.com\/blog\/archives\/1012","title":{"rendered":"[\u7ffb\u8bd1]\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/thesequence.substack.com\/p\/edge74<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u57f9\u8bad\u662f\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u6700\u5177\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4e00\u53e5\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u8c1a\u8bed\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f60\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u4f60\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f53\u7136\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u80fd\u591f\u8de8GPU\u62d3\u6251\u8fdb\u884c\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\u5fc5\u7136\u9700\u8981\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0a\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4ece\u8bad\u7ec3\u5230\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u6784\u5efa\u5757\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u80fd\u591f\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u8ba1\u7b97\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8377\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u901f\u5ea6\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u4f46\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u6a21\u578b\u4ecd\u7136\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u65b0\u3002\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u51e0\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u79d1\u6280\u5de8\u5934\u8c37\u6b4c\u3001\u5fae\u8f6f\u3001Uber\u3001DeepMind\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u516c\u53f8\u5b9a\u671f\u516c\u5e03\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u5927\u578bGPU\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u539f\u7406\u51e0\u4e4e\u8d2f\u7a7f\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7a0b\u5e8f\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u202f\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6267\u884c\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u5229\u7528\u5927\u578bGPU\u7f51\u7edc\u6765\u5206\u914d\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u8fdc\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u5e76\u53d1\u548c\u5e76\u884c\u7f16\u7a0b\u662f\u51fa\u4e86\u540d\u7684\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u578b\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\u66f4\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u5927\u578b\u79d1\u6280\u516c\u53f8\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u8981\u9762\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e3a\u4efb\u52a1\u5173\u952e\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\u6781\u5176\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u672c\u6587\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e0bGoogle\u3001DeepMind\u3001Microsoft\u548cUber\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u9876\u7ea7\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u7528\u4e8e\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u57f9\u8bad\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Google GPipe&nbsp;<\/li><li>Uber Horovod&nbsp;<\/li><li>DeepMind TF-Replicator&nbsp;<\/li><li>Microsoft DeepSpeed&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4>Google\u2019s GPipe&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>GPipe\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u6269\u5c55\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u3002\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u662f\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u590d\u6742\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u533b\u7597\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u56fe\u50cf\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u624d\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u548cCPU\u6d88\u8017\u975e\u5e38\u6602\u8d35<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u884c\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u884c\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u884c\u6027\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u578b\u673a\u5668\u96c6\u7fa4\u6765\u5206\u5272\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002\u202f\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u884c\u6027\u202f\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u6a21\u578b\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982GPU\u6216TPU\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u6765\u52a0\u901f\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u5728\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8fdb\u884c\u5e76\u884c\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u5374\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7531\u53ef\u72ec\u7acb\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u5206\u652f\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u5c06\u8ba1\u7b97\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u533a\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u652f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u5728\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u5806\u53e0\u5c42\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6311\u6218<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>GPipe\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u79cd\u79f0\u4e3a\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u6280\u672f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u884c\u6027\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u202fGPipe\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u6b65\u968f\u673a\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u548c\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u5e76\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u5c42\u7ec4\u6210\u7684DNN\u3002\u202fGPipe\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u5212\u5206\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u6279\u91cf\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u793a\u4f8b\u5206\u5272\u6210\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5c0f\u6279\u91cf\u3002\u6b64\u6a21\u578b\u5141\u8bb8GPipe\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u5e76\u884c\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u57f9\u8bad\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u53ef\u4f38\u7f29\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u56fe\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86GPipe\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u8fde\u7eed\u5c42\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u4e2a\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u3002Fk\u662f\u7b2ck\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u7684\u590d\u5408\u6b63\u5411\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fd\u6570\u3002Bk\u662f\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u51fd\u6570\u3002Bk\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e0a\u5c42\u7684Bk+1\u548cFk\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5728\u9876\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u4e0b\u56fe\u663e\u793a\u4e86GPipe\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u7684batch\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684batch\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9bbatch\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.substack.com\/image\/fetch\/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep\/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7c7cd86-b187-4843-bc73-e804da0e6504_524x283.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.substack.com\/image\/fetch\/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep\/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7c7cd86-b187-4843-bc73-e804da0e6504_524x283.png\" alt=\"Image for post\" width=\"659\" height=\"356\" title=\"Image for post\"\/><\/a><figcaption>Image credit:\u202f<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/1811.06965.pdf\">The original paper<\/a> <br>Google\u202f<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/tensorflow\/lingvo\/blob\/master\/lingvo\/core\/gpipe.py\">open-sourced implementation of GPipe<\/a>\u202fas part of the TensorFlow project.\u00a0<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4>Uber Horovod&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/uber\/horovod\">Horovod<\/a>\u202f\u662f\u5728\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u7684uberml\u6808\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5e76\u5df2\u88abDeepMind\u548cOpenAI\u7b49\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5f3a\u56fd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u91c7\u7528\u3002\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u202fHorovod\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8fd0\u884c\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u8bad\u7ec3\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Horovod\u5229\u7528\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u63a5\u53e3\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u202fOpenMPI \uff09\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5e76\u884c\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u4efb\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u5728Horovod\u8fd0\u884c\u5206\u5e03\u5f0fTensorFlow\u8bad\u7ec3\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u56db\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u6b65\u9aa4\u5b8c\u6210\uff1a\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li><strong>hvd.init()<\/strong> \u521d\u59cb\u5316Horovod.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>config.gpu_options.visible_device_list = str(hvd.local_rank())<\/strong>\u202f\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2aTensorFlow\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2aGPU.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>opt=hvd.DistributedOptimizer(opt)<\/strong>\u7528Horovod\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u5305\u88c5\u4efb\u4f55\u5e38\u89c4\u7684TensorFlow\u4f18\u5316\u5668\uff0c\u8be5\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u4f7f\u7528ring-allreduce\u5904\u7406\u5e73\u5747\u68af\u5ea6.\u00a0<\/li><li><strong>hvd.BroadcastGlobalVariablesHook(0)<\/strong>\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e7f\u64ad\u5230\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316.\u00a0<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u8be5\u793a\u4f8b\u662f\u57fa\u672cTensorFlow\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6a21\u677f\uff1a\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.substack.com\/image\/fetch\/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep\/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb4277379-5810-45e3-906f-515f376f3be5_733x845.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img src=\"https:\/\/cdn.substack.com\/image\/fetch\/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep\/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb4277379-5810-45e3-906f-515f376f3be5_733x845.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4>DeepMind TF-Replicator\u00a0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>TF Replicator\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8eTensorFlow\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u5f20\u91cf\u5904\u7406\u5355\u5143\uff08TPU\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u4f38\u7f29\u6027\u3002TPU\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u82af\u7247\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u672c\u5730\u53ef\u4f38\u7f29\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728TensorFlow\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528TPU\u202f<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tensorflow.org\/api_docs\/python\/tf\/contrib\/tpu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9700\u8981\u4e13\u95e8\u7684API<\/a>\uff0c\u202f\u8fd9\u5c31\u7ed9\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u5e95\u5c42\u786c\u4ef6\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u969c\u788d\u3002DeepMind\u7684TF Replicator\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u5bf9\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728TensorFlow\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5229\u7528tpu\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>TF-Replicator \u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u56fe\u5185\u590d\u5236\u201d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u90fd\u88ab\u590d\u5236\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u5f20\u6d41\u56fe\u4e2d\u3002\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fde\u63a5\u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u5e94\u5b50\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u6c34\u5e73\uff0cTF-Replicator\u5229\u7528<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tensorflow.org\/api_docs\/python\/tf\/contrib\/graph_editor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">TensorFlow\u7684\u56fe\u91cd\u5199\u202f<\/a>\u5728\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u672c\u673a\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5f53\u5448\u73b0TensorFlow Graph\u65f6\uff0cTF Replicator\u9996\u5148\u72ec\u7acb\u5730\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u6784\u5efa\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6307\u5b9a\u8de8\u8bbe\u5907\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u7559\u4e0b\u5360\u4f4d\u7b26\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5b50\u56fe\u90fd\u5efa\u7acb\u597d\u4e86\uff0cTF Replicator\u5c31\u901a\u8fc7\u7528\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u8de8\u8bbe\u5907\u8ba1\u7b97\u66ff\u6362\u5360\u4f4d\u7b26\u6765\u8fde\u63a5\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.substack.com\/image\/fetch\/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep\/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2e7c447-1472-4a83-b8e6-b0b4dce5f98e_512x512.gif\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img src=\"https:\/\/cdn.substack.com\/image\/fetch\/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep\/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2e7c447-1472-4a83-b8e6-b0b4dce5f98e_512x512.gif\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><figcaption>Image credit:\u202f<a href=\"https:\/\/deepmind.com\/blog\/article\/tf-replicator-distributed-machine-learning\">DeepMind<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528TF Replicator\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u4e3a\u5355\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u672c\u673aTensorFlow\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u9700\u5b9a\u4e49\uff081\uff09\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u548c\uff082\uff09\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u5176\u6a21\u578b\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u6b65\u957f\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u5355\u4e2a\u6b65\u957f\uff09\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684TF Replicator\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.substack.com\/image\/fetch\/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep\/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc54b8de7-098b-4b79-a85c-2c69979c4915_730x350.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img src=\"https:\/\/cdn.substack.com\/image\/fetch\/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep\/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc54b8de7-098b-4b79-a85c-2c69979c4915_730x350.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\u4e0d\u540c\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\uff0cTF Replicator\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u7684MPI\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0cDeepMind\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a512\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684TPUv3\u7684\u4e0a\u4ee52048\u7684batch\u5927\u5c0f\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0cTF Replicator\u662fDeepMind\u516c\u53f8TPU\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7f16\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>Microsoft DeepSpeed&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5fae\u8f6f\u7684DeepSpeed\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u7248\u672c\u5305\u62ecZeRO\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4ece\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0cDeepSpeed\u6784\u5efa\u5728PyTorch\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684API\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u53ea\u9700\u51e0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u8bad\u7ec3\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u6280\u672f\u3002DeepSpeed\u62bd\u8c61\u4e86\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6240\u6709\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u3001\u6df7\u5408\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3001\u68af\u5ea6\u79ef\u7d2f\u548c\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4ece\u529f\u80fd\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0cDeepScale\u5728\u56db\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u65b9\u9762\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>\u89c4\u6a21<\/strong>\uff1a\u202fDeepSpeed\u4e3a\u8fd0\u884c\u9ad8\u8fbe1000\u4ebf\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u8bad\u7ec3\u4f18\u5316\u6846\u67b6\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e8610\u500d<\/li><li><strong>\u901f\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff1a\u202f\u5728\u6700\u521d\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0cDeepSpeed\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u5e93\u9ad84-5\u500d\u7684\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3002<\/li><li><strong>\u6210\u672c<\/strong>\uff1a\u202f\u4f7f\u7528DeepSpeed\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6210\u672c\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f4e\u4e09\u500d\u3002<\/li><li><strong>\u53ef\u7528\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u202fDeepSpeed\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u6784PyTorch\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u51e0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5373\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.substack.com\/image\/fetch\/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep\/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F13d74a77-428e-40b1-868c-254d2ec4a958_975x450.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img src=\"https:\/\/cdn.substack.com\/image\/fetch\/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep\/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F13d74a77-428e-40b1-868c-254d2ec4a958_975x450.png\" alt=\"Image for post\" title=\"Image for post\"\/><\/a><figcaption>Image credit:\u202f<a href=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/blog\/zero-deepspeed-new-system-optimizations-enable-training-models-with-over-100-billion-parameters\/\">Microsoft Research Blog<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u7ed3\u8bba\u00a0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u202f\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u5927\u591a\u6570\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u5229\u7528Google\u3001Microsoft\u3001Uber\u6216DeepMind\u7b49\u79d1\u6280\u516c\u53f8\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u4e0d\u4e45\u7684\u5c06\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7248\u672c\u5305\u542b\u5728\u4e3b\u6d41\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f\u6808\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u6838\u5fc3\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u793e\u533a\u66f4\u52a0\u5e73\u6c11\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/thesequence.substack.com\/p\/edge74 \u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u57f9\u8bad\u662f\u5728\u73b0&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/xg1990.com\/blog\/archives\/1012\" class=\"\" rel=\"bookmark\">\u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">[\u7ffb\u8bd1]\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\uff1f<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.1","language":"zh","enabled_languages":["zh","en"],"languages":{"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"en":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.4.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ 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